Some Notes on Behavior Theory, Behavior Therapy and Behavioural Counseling
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چکیده
There have been a number of critiques of behavior theory as applied to counseling and psychotherapy (Breger and McGaugh, 1965, 1966; Kiesler, 1966; Murray, 1963; Weitzman, 1967), whose purpose has been, to some extent, to cut away the underpinnings. While these critiques have in turn been criticized (Rachman and Eysenck, 1966; Wiest, 1967; Yates, 1970), questions still remain regarding the theoretical and experimental bases of behavior therapy or behavioral counseling (these terms are used interchangeably in this paper). However it is not proposed here to reiterate these criticisms, or to question the (demonstrated) effectiveness of what is called behavior therapy. Rather, the purpose here is to raise questions regarding the nature of what happens in behavior modification, behavior therapy, and behavioral counseling, and to suggest that this area of activity is not as simple and clearcut as is often assumed to be the case, and that it is not as different from so-called "traditional" counseling or therapy as it has often been made to appear to be. Limitations of space prevent the detailed documentation of the points discussed. Further documentation of many of the points will be found in Murray and Jacobson (1970).
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